Photogrammetry
Building a 3D model from many overlapping photographs of the real object.
Photogrammetry software takes dozens or hundreds of photographs of an object from all sides, finds the same points in each, and works out the shape from how they move between views. The result is a mesh with a photographic texture.
It is fast and faithful for organic shapes, rough surfaces and one-off objects. It struggles with the things furniture and eyewear are full of: shiny metal, glass, plain flat panels, thin legs, and anything that must be configurable, because a scanned sofa is one sofa in one fabric.
For retail products the usual route is manual modelling from photographs and drawings, with photogrammetry used for reference or for specific organic parts. AI reconstruction from images is the newer relative and has similar strengths and limits.
Where this leads
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